{
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    "endpoint": "/api/sources/rhineland-mystics/suso/vol-1-46-chapter-liii.json"
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  "work": {
    "slug": "suso",
    "name": "Heinrich Suso"
  },
  "parents": [
    {
      "slug": "rhineland-mystics",
      "name": "Rhineland Mystics",
      "url": "/sources/rhineland-mystics/"
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  ],
  "chapter": {
    "num": 47,
    "slug": "vol-1-46-chapter-liii",
    "title": "Chapter  LIII.",
    "of": 51,
    "words": 4671,
    "text": "## Chapter  LIII.\n\nMaxims,  conformable  to  right  reason,  for  the  guidance  of \nan  exterior  man  into  his  interior. \n\nLet  thy  walk  be  an  interior  one,  and  be  not \ngiven  to  break  out  either  in  words  or  in  thy \nwalk. \n\nAct  according  to  the  truth  in  simplicity,  and \nwhatever  happens,  be  not  helpful  to  thyself;  for \nhe  who  helps  himself  too  much  will  not  be \nhelped  by  the  Truth. \n\nWhen  thou  art  with  men  pay  no  heed  to \nwhat  thou  seest  or  hearest,  and  cleave  to  that \nalone  which  has   shown  itself  to  thee  (i.e.  re- \n\n\nSPIRITUAL  MAXIMS.  267 \n\nmember  God  alone  who  has  shown  Himself  to \nthee  under  these  outward  things). \n\nBe  careful  that  in  thy  actions  thy  reason \ngoes  first;  for  when  the  sensual  appetite  gets \nthe  start,  every  evil  comes  of  it. \n\nGod  wishes  not  to  deprive  us  of  pleasure ; \nbut  He  wishes  to  give  us  pleasure  in  its  totality, \nthat  is  to  say,  all  pleasure. \n\nThe  more  mightily  thou  humblest  thyself, \nthe  higher  thou  shalt  be  exalted. \n\nHe  who  wishes  to  dwell  in  his  inmost  inte- \nrior, must  rid  himself  of  all  multiplicity.  We \nmust  habitually  reject  all  that  is  not  the  one \nthing. \n\nWhere  the  sensual  appetite  is  the  moving \nprinciple  of  a  man's  actions,  there  is  toil,  suffer- \ning, and  mental  darkness. \n\nWhat  greater  pleasure  is  there  than  to  find \nmyself  the  one  thing  that  I  ought  to  be,  and  the \nwhole  thing  that  I  ought  to  be  (t.  e.  one  with \nGod,  who  is  one  and  all)  1 \n\nA  man  should  remain  steadfast  in  his  state \nof  freedom  from  mental  images,  and  of  self- \nrestraint.     Herein  lies  the  greatest  delight. \n\nIn  what  does  a  truly  detached  man  exercise \nhimself  ?     In  annihilating  himself. \n\nWhen  our  love  is  given  to  a  sensible  image \n\n\n268  LIFE  OF  BLESSED  HENRY  SUSO. \n\nor  person,  it  is  accident,  loving  accident,  and \nthis  we  have  no  right  to  do ;  nevertheless  I  bear \nwith  myself  in  this  until  I  get  quit  of  it.  It  is, \nhowever,  an  interiorly  simple  act,  when  a  man \ndoes  not  love  the  image,  which  is  present  to  him, \nbut  when  all  things  are  to  him  one,  and  that \none  is  God. \n\nWhen  a  man  detaches  himself  from  himself \nwithout  allowing  the  sensual  appetite  to  break \nout,  he  destroys  self.  If  he  acted  otherwise,  he \nwould  be  helping  himself  by  means  of  his  sen- \nsual appetite. \n\nKeep  thy  feelings  within  thee  both  in  weal \nand  woe ;  for  a  man  who  does  this  loves  more \nin  one  year  than  one  who  lets  his  feelings  break \nout  loves  in  three. \n\nWilt  thou  be  of  use  to  all  creatures,  turn \nthyself  away  from  all  creatures. \n\nIf  a  man  cannot  comprehend  the  matter,  let \nhim  be  passive,  and  the  matter  will  comprehend \nhim. \n\nTake  heed  not  to  break  out  exteriorly  in \na  way  unlike  the  (divine  and  interior)  pat- \ntern. \n\nA  man  should  be  on  his  guard  against  the \ninclination  which  leads  him  to  catch  at  eveiy \nthing  which  may  save  him  from  having  to  yield \n\n\nSPIRITUAL  MAXIMS.  269 \n\nto  the  invitations  of  the  simple  Truth.  If  thou \nwilt  not  submit  to  be  simple,  thou  wilt  have  to \nsubmit  to  be  manifold. \n\nLive  as  if  there  were  no  creature  on  earth \nbut  thee. \n\nSay  to  creatures : — What  thou  art  to  me  I \nwill  not  be  to  thee  (Res  tibi,  te  Deo). \n\nNature  loves  nature  and  makes  itself  its  aim. \nSome  men's  nature  has  not  been  sufficiently \ncrushed,  and  when  this  happens,  they  continue \nexterior. \n\nThe  power  of  refraining  from  things  gives \na  man  more  power  than  the  possession  of  the \nthings  would. \n\nOne  deflection  from  the  right  course  brings \nalong  with  it  another. \n\nSee  that  nature  in  thee  is  unburdened,  and \nthat  thy  outward  man  is  conformable  to  thy  in- \nward man. \n\nLook  well  to  the  inward  man ;  for  on  this \ndepends  thy  exterior  and  interior  life. \n\nIt  belongs  to  perfect  detachment  to  keep \nnature  at  all  times  bridled. \n\nA  man  should  never  lose  sight  of  himself, \nlest  nature  should  run  away. \n\nThou  lamentest  that  thou  art  still  too  active, \nundetached,  and  impatient.     Nevertheless  de- \n\n\n270  LIFE  OF  BLESSED  HENRY  SUSO. \n\nspair  not.  The  more  keenly  thou  feelest  this \nthe  better. \n\nPerishable  love  is  a  root  of  all  vices,  and  a \neloak  of  all  truth. \n\nThe  setting  of  the  sensual  nature  is  the \nrising  of  the  truth.  When  the  powers  of  the \nsoul  have  ceased  to  work,  and  the  elements \nhave  been  purified,  the  powers  remain  fixed \nupon  their  eternal  object,  if  they  have  been \ndirected  towards  it  according  to  their  ability. \n\nAll  the  powers  have  one  object  and  one  work, \nand  this  is  to  be  conformed  to  the  eternal  Truth. \n\nThere  is  nothing  pleasurable  save  what  is \nuniform  with  the  most  inmost  depths  of  the \nDivine  nature. \n\nSome  men  are  to  be  met  with  who  have  had \nan  interior  drawing  from  God,  and  have  not \nfollowed  it.  The  interior  and  exterior  of  these \nmen  are  far  apart,  and  it  is  in  this  that  many \nfail. \n\nOur  nature  in  its  present  state  is  richly \nendowed.  The  more  it  goes  out  of  itself,  the \nfurther  it  is  from  God;  and  the  more  it  turns \ninwards,  the  nearer  to  Him  it  is. \n\nHe  who  has  attained  to  the  purification  of \nthe  senses  in  God  performs  so  much  the  better \nall  the  operations  of  the  senses. \n\n\nSPIEITUAL  MAXIMS.  271 \n\nIf  a  man  subjects  his  nature,  when  it  has \nbeen  purified,  to  the  Truth,  his  nature  is  guided \nin  such  sort  that  it  performs  much  more  per- \nfectly all  exterior  actions.  Otherwise  it  wastes \nitself  upon  temporal  matters,  and  can  do  nothing \nreally  well. \n\nPurity,  intelligence,  and  virtue  give  a  feel- \ning of  wealth  to  those  who  possess  them.  When \nthe  sensible  possession  of  these  virtues  is  with- \ndrawn from  such  persons  by  God,  it  sometimes \nhappens  that  they  die  to  all  creatures.  Those \nwho  profit  by  this  withdrawal  are  brought  nigher \nto  God  by  it. \n\nWhat  is  that  which  drives  a  man  to  pur- \nsue evil  courses?  It  is  the  craving  for  some- \nthing which  may  satisfy  him.  Yet  we  can \nonly  find  this  in  abnegation,  and  not  in  evil \ncourses. \n\nThe  reason  why  some  men  so  often  fall  into \na  faulty  sadness  is  that  they  do  not  at  all  times \nkeep  an  eye  upon  themselves  to  avoid  in  every \nthing  doing  what  deserves  punishment. \n\nTo  be  worsted  is  to  gain  the  victory  in  the \nestimation  of  God's  friends  (Matt.  v.  39). \n\nAbide  within  thyself.  The  plea  of  seeking \nthings  outside  thee  presents  itself  as  a  necessity; \nbut  it  is  only  a  way  of  helping  self. \n\n\n272  LIFE  OF  BLESSED  HENRY  SUSO. \n\nIt  is  bad  to  begin  many  things  and  to  bring \nnone  to  an  end. \n\nWe  should  not  move  until  we  have  ob- \nserved whether  it  be  God  or  nature  that  is \nworking  in  us. \n\nTake  care  that  nature  works  in  thee  its \nworks  from  out  itself  without  the  concurrence  of \nother  causes. \n\nA  truly  detached  man  should  attend  to  four \nthings.  First,  he  should  be  very  virtuous  in \nhis  walk,  that  things  may  flow  from  him  with- \nout him.  Secondly,  he  should  also  be  virtuous \nand  quiet  with  regard  to  his  senses,  and  not \ncarry  tales  hither  and  thither,  for  this  is  calcu- \nlated to  fill  his  mind  with  images.  Thus  Ins \ninterior  senses  will  be  able  to  act  inactively. \nThirdly,  he  should  not  be  given  to  attach  him- \nself; and  he  should  take  care  that  there  is \nnothing  heterogeneous  in  him.  Fourthly,  he \nshould  not  be  contentious,  but  he  should  be- \nhave lovingly  to  those  by  whom  God  may  be \npleased  to  purify  him. \n\nRemain  steadfastly  in  thyself  until  thou  art \ndrawn  out  of  thyself  without  any  act  of  thine. \n\nObserve  whether  the  intimacy  between  good \npeople  arises  from  inclination  or  from  simplicity. \nThe  first  is  far  too  common. \n\n\nSPIKITUAL  MAXIMS.  273 \n\nOffer  not  thyself  too  much  to  any  one. \nThose  please  least  who  offer  most. . \n\nAn  interior  humble  walk  beseems  thee. \nWhen  a  thing  acts  in  opposition  to  its  nature, \nit  is  always  unbecoming  to  it. \n\nHappy  the  man  whose  words  and  ways  are \nfew.  The  more  words  and  ways  there  are  in \nany  man,  the  more  there  is  of  what  is  acci- \ndental. Stay  within  thyself,  and  be  not  like \nsuch  men,  otherwise  thou  wilt  suffer  for  it. \n\nSome  men  act  from  their  sensible  feelings \nboth  in  suffering  and  in  joy ;  but  a  man  should \nnot  look  to  himself  in  this. \n\nIn  the  spiritual  annihilation  of  self  the  final \nconsummation  is  attained.  When  Christ  had \nsaid,  \"Into  Thy  hands  I  commend  My  spirit,\" \nHe  added  immediately,  u  It  is  consummated.\" \n\nGod  and  the  devil  are  in  man.  He  who \nguides  himself  and  he  who  forsakes  himself \ndiscover  the  difference  (i.e.  the  self-willed \nfind  in  themselves  hell,  and  the  detached \nheaven). \n\nHe  who  desires  to  have  rest  at  all  times \nmust  be  on  his  guard  against  himself  in  this  as \nin  every  thing  else  (i.  e.  this  desire  is  a  species \nof  self-seeking). \n\nHe  who  is  interior  amid  exterior  things  is \n\n\n274  LIFE  OF  BLESSED  HENRY  SUSO. \n\nmuch  more  interior  than  he  who  is  only  interior \nwhen  within  himself. \n\nIt  is  good  for  a  man  to  guide  himself  in \nnothing ;  and  he  is  on  the  right  road  who  con- \ntemplates under  the  forms  of  things  their  eternal \nessences. \n\nThere  are  many  more  reasoning  men  than \nsimple  men.  Those  are  called  reasoning  men \nin  whom  reason  rules.  But  the  simple  man, \nthrough  his  inaction,  is  freed  from  the  multi- \nplicity of  images  which  are  generated  by  sen- \nsible objects,  and  he  does  not  contemplate  things \nas  sensible,  for  simplicity  has  become  his  nature, \nand  he  is  like  a  vessel  (full  of  God)  and  like  a \nchild. \n\nHe  who  wishes  to  possess  all  things  must \nbecome  as  nothing  to  himself  and  all  things. \n\nHow  happy  is  the  man  who  abides  steadfast \nagainst  multiplicity !  What  a  sensible  entrance \nhe  has  into  familiar  intercourse  with  heaven ! \n\nA  good  intention  often  impedes  true  union. \n\nOur  eyes  should  not  look  outwards,  except \nto  rid  ourselves  of  interior  images. \n\nWe  should  bear  as  readily  with  that  part  of  us \nwhich  comes  from  Adam  (i.  e.  the  consequences \nof  the  fall)  as  with  that  by  which  we  attain \neternal  bliss. \n\n\nSPIRITUAL  MAXIMS.  275 \n\nA  detached  man  is  always  interiorly  alike. \n\nWhen  a  man  still  complains  and  is  impa- \ntient, all  this  springs  from  imperfection.  It \nmust  therefore  be  got  rid  of. \n\nAll  those  who  allow  themselves  a  wrong \nliberty  make  themselves  their  own  aim  and \nobject. \n\nA  detached  man  must  be  unformed  from \nthe  forms  and  images  of  creatures ;  he  must  be \nformed  upon  Christ,  and  transformed  into  the \nGodhead. \n\nHe  who  regards  himself  in  Christ  lets  all \nthings  follow  their  rightful  course. \n\nWhen  a  man  has  died  to  self  and  begun  to \nlive  in  Christ,  it  is  well  with  him. \n\nWhen  a  man  strives  by  turning  inwards  to \nconform  himself  to  the  Truth,  it  is  clearly  brought \nhome  to  him  that  he  has  gone  forth  out  of \nhimself,  and  he  observes  that  there  is  still  some- \nthing of  the  creature  in  him,  on  which  the \nattraction  acted.  In  this  he  bears  with  him- \nself, and  perceives  that  he  has  not  yet  ceased \nfrom  all  action.  Now,  thus  to  bear  with  self \nis  to  become  simple.  The  going  out  of  self \nproduces  a  kind  of  weariness;  but  when  he \nhas  turned  away  from  creatures  this  weariness \npasses  off. \n\n\n276  LIFE  OF  BLESSED  HENRY  SUSO. \n\nWhat  is  a  truly  detached  man's  object  in  all \nthings?  It  is  to  die  to  himself;  and  when  he \ndies  to  himself  all  things  die  to  him. \n\nWhat  is  the  least  obstacle  ?  It  is  a  thought. \nWhat  is  the  greatest  obstacle  !  It  is  when  the \nsoul  abides  in  the  obstinacy  of  its  self-will. \n\nA  detached  man  should  not  let  any  moment \npass  away  unmarked. \n\nA  detached  man  should  not  be  always  looking \nto  see  what  he  needs,  but  he  should  be  always \nlooking  to  see  what  he  can  do  without. \n\nIf  a  detached  man  wishes  to  conform  him- \nself to  the  Truth,  he  must  hi  the  first  place  be \ndiligent  in  turning  inwards  from  things  of  sense, \nfor  God  is  a  spirit.  Secondly,  he  must  take \nnote  whether  he  has  attached  himself  to  any \nobstacle  (i.  e.  any  thing  which  stands  between \nhim  and  God).  Thirdly,  he  must  observe \nwhether  he  is  his  own  guide  in  any  thing, \nowing  to  the  sensual  appetite  having  got  the \nstart.  Fourthly,  he  must,  in  the  light  which \nfills  his  soul,  consider  the  presence  of  the  all- \npenetrating  Divine  essence  in  him,  and  that  he \nis  one  of  Its  vessels. \n\nThe  more  a  man  turns  away  from  himsel \nand  all  created  things,  the  more  perfect  are  the \nunion  and  bliss  to  which  he  attains. \n\n\nSPIRITUAL  MAXIMS.  277 \n\nWouldst  thou  be  a  detached  man?  take \ncare  that,  however  God  may  act  towards  thee, \nwhether  directly  by  Himself  or  indirectly  by  His \ncreatures,  thou  abidest  always  the  same,  by  a \ncomplete  renunciation  of  what  is  thine. \n\nKeep  thy  senses  closed  to  every  image \nwhich  may  present  itself. \n\nBe  empty  of  every  thing  which  the  outward- \ngazing  mind  selects,  which  takes  captive  the \nwill,  and  which  brings  earthly  joy  or  delight \ninto  the  heart: \n\nRest  on  nothing  which  is  not  God. \n\nIf  thou  art  where  a  sin  or  imperfection  is \ncommitted,  add  not  aught  of  thine  to  it,  and \nhave  nothing  to  do  with  it. \n\nHe  who  always  dwells  with  himself  becomes \npossessed  of  very  ample  means. \n\nThe  recreation  which  a  detached  man  grants \nto  his  nature  should  be  confined  to  strict  neces- \nsity, and  it  should  be  taken  in  harmless  occupa- \ntions, from  which  he  can  readily  and  without \nattachment  turn  away  to  God. \n\nThe  more  or  less  detachment  a  man  has,  the \nmore  or  less  will  he  be  disturbed  by  transitory \nthings. \n\nIt  happened  once  to  a  half-detached  man \nthat,  on  a  certain  occasion  when  he  had  been \n\n\n278  LITE  OF  BLESSED  HENRY  SUSO. \n\ntoo  self-conscious  in  suffering,  it  was  said  to \nhim: — Thou  shouldst  be  so  attentive  to  Me \nand  so  forgetful  of  thyself,  that  when  thou \nknowest  it  is  well  with  Me  thou  shouldst  care \nnothing  how  it  fares  with  thee. \n\nIn  the  case  of  a  detached  man  who  draws \nhis  senses  inwards  from  external  objects  and \nestablishes  himself  in  the  inner  castle  of  his \nsoul,  the  less  he  finds  within  to  cling  to,  the \nmore  painful  are  his  interior  sufferings,  and  the \nmore  quickly  he  dies,  the  more  swiftly  he  bursts \nthrough  to  God. \n\nTo  give  the  senses  a  wide  field  withdraws  a \nman  from  his  interior. \n\nSee  that  thou  undertakest  nothing  which \nwill  carry  thee  out  of  thyself. \n\nIf  things  come  in  search  of  thee,  let  them \nnot  find  thee. \n\nBe  quick  in  turning  inwards  into  thyself. \n\nNatural  life  shows  itself  in  movement  and \nin  the  operations  of  the  senses.  He  who  de- \ntaches himself  from  himself  in  this,  and  dies  to \nhimself  in  stillness,  begins  a  supernatural  life. \n\nSome  persons  find  no  hindrance  in  going \nout  of  themselves,  but  they  want  steadfastness \nin  this  state. \n\nEstablish  thyself  in   absolute   detachmen \n\n\nSPIKITUAL  MAXIMS.  279 \n\nfor  an  unbounded  longing,  even  for  what  is \ndivine,  when  it  is  excessive,  may  become  a \nsecret  obstacle. \n\nA  detached  man  should  keep  the  powers  of \nhis  soul  under  such  restraint  that,  on  looking \nwithin,  this  is  apparent  to  him. \n\nA  detached  man  remains  always  inactive  as \nregards  himself,  just  as  if  he  were  unconscious \nof  himself ;  for  in  that  object,  which  is  God,  all \nthings  are  well  and  harmoniously  ordered  in \nhim. \n\nGive  heed  also  to  thy  outward  man  that  it \nbe  at  one  with  thy  inward  man,  by  the  subjec- \ntion of  all  fleshly  appetites. \n\nTo  return  again  into  God  by  detachment  is \noften  more  pleasing  to  Him  than  a  self-satisfied \nstability. \n\nGather  together  and  draw  in  thy  soul  from \nthe  external  senses,  through  which  it  has  dissi- \npated itself  upon  the  multiplicity  of  outward \nthings. \n\nGo  in  again,  and  return  over  and  over  again \ninto  unity,  and  enjoy  God. \n\nBe  steadfast,  and  never  rest  content  until \nthou  hast  obtained  the  now  of  eternity  as  thy \npresent  possession  in  this  life,  so  far  as  this  is \npossible  to  human  infirmity. \n\n\n280  LIFE  OF  BLESSED  HENRY  SUSO. \n\n\nChapter  LIY. \n\nOf  the  high  questions  which  the  well-exercised  daughter \nput  to  her  spiritual  father. \n\nAfter  the  introduction  of  the  outward  into \nthe  inward  man  had  taken  place  in  a  way  con- \nformable to  right  reason,  high  thoughts  arose  in \nthe  daughter's  mind,  and  she  inquired  whether \nshe  might  yet  venture  to  ask  questions  about \nthem.  The  Servitor  replied: — Yes;  if  thou  hast \nbeen  duly  led  through  the  proper  intermediate \nstages,  it  is  quite  lawful  now  for  thy  spiritual \nintelligence  to  ask  about  high  things.  Ask \nwhat  thou  wilt.  She  made  answer : — Tell  me \nwhat  is  God?  and  where  is  God?  and  how  is \nGod  ? — I  mean  how  He  is  single  and  yet  three- \nfold? \n\nThe  Servitor  replied : — God  knows,  these \nare  high  questions.  As  to  the  first — what  is \nGod? — thou  must  know  that  all  the  learned \ndoctors  who  ever  were  cannot  fully  explain \nit;  for  God  is  above  all  sense  and  reason. \nAnd  yet  a  diligent  man,  by  hard  seeking, \ngains  some  knowledge  of  God,  though  in  a \nvery  far-off  way;  and  it  is  in  this  knowledge \nthat  man's  supreme  bliss  consists.  Thus  it  was \nthat  in  days   of  old  certain  virtuous  heathen \n\n\nWHAT  GOD  IS.  281 \n\ndoctors  sought  after  God,  especially  the  intel- \nlectual Aristotle.  He  pried  minutely  into  the \ncourse  of  nature,  in  order  to  discover  who  he  is \nwho  is  the  lord  of  nature.  He  searched  after \nHim  diligently,  and  found  Him.  He  proved, \nfrom  the  well-ordered  course  of  nature,  that \nthere  must  necessarily  be  one  only  prince  and \nlord  of  all  creatures,  and  that  is  what  we  mean \nby  the  name  God. \n\nOf  this  God  and  Lord  we  know  thus  much : \nthat  He  is  a  substantial  being;  that  He  is \neverlasting,  without  before  or  after;  that  He \nis  simple  and  unchangeable;  an  unembodied \nand  essential  Spirit ;  whose  being  is  to  live  and \nwork;  whose  essential  reason  knows  all  things \nin  itself  and  by  itself;  whose  being's  fathom- \nless delight  is  in  itself;  and  who  is  to  Him- \nself, and  to  all  who  shall  enjoy  Him  in  the  way \nof  contemplation,  a  supernatural,  unspeakable, \nand  entrancing  bliss. \n\nThe  daughter  looked  upwards  and  said: — \nThis  is  good  to  hear,  for  it  stirs  the  heart  and \nlifts  the  soul  sursum,  on  high  above  itself. \nTherefore,  dear  father,  tell  me  more  about  it. \n\nHe  answered: — Behold,  then.  The  divine \nessence,  of  which  it  is  said  that  it  is  a  rational \nsubstance,  of  such  nature  that  no  mortal  eye \n\n\n282  LIFE  OF  BLESSED  HENRY  SUSO. \n\ncan  see  it  in  itself,  may  nevertheless  be  dis- \ncerned in  its  effects,  just  as  we  trace  a  good \ncraftsman  in  his  works.  For,  as  Paul  says, \ncreatures  are  like  a  mirror  which  reflect  God. \nAnd  this  mode  of  gaining  knowledge  we  term \nreflection  (speculiren). \n\nBut  let  us  pause  here  awhile,  and  reflect \nupon  the  high  and  venerable  Master  as  mir- \nrored in  his  works.  Look  above  thee  and \naround  thee  to  the  four  quarters  of  the  uni- \nverse, and  see  how  wide  and  high  the  beautiful \nheaven  is  in  its  swift  course,  and  how  nobly  its \nMaster  has  adorned  it  with  the  seven  planets, \neach  of  which,  not  to  reckon  in  the  moon,  is  much \nbigger  than  the  whole  earth,  and  how  He  has \ndecked  it  with  the  countless  multitude  of  the \nbright  stars.  Oh!  when  in  summer  time  the \nbeautiful  sun  bursts  forth  unclouded  and  serene, \nwhat  fruitfulness  and  blessings  it  bestows  un- \nceasingly upon  the  earth  I  See  how  the  leaves \nand  grass  shoot  up,  and  the  lovely  flowers  smile; \nhow  forest,  heath,  and  meadow  ring  again  with \nthe  sweet  song  of  nightingales  and  other  little \nbirds ;  how  all  those  little  creatures,  which  stem \nwinter  had  shut  up,  issue  forth  rejoicing,  and \npair  together;  and  how  men  too,  both  young \nand  old,  entranced  with  joy,  disport  themselves- \n\n\nWHAT  GOD  IS.  283 \n\nright  merrily.  All,  gentle  God,  if  Thou  art  so \nlovely  in  Thy  creatures,  how  exceeding  beauti- \nful and  ravishing  Thou  must  be  in  Thyself! \nBut  look  again,  I  pray  thee,  and  behold  the \nfour  elements — earth,  water,  air,  and  fire,  with \nall  the  wondrous  things  which  they  contain  in \nmanifold  variety — men,  beasts,  birds,  fishes,  and \nsea-monsters ;  and  mark  how  they  all  cry  aloud \ntogether,  Praise  and  honour  be  to  the  unfathom- \nable immensity  that  is  in  Thee !  Who  is  it, \nLord,  that  sustains  all  this  f  Who  feeds  it  all  % \nIt  is  Thou  who  providest  for  all,  each  in  its  own \nway ;  for  great  and  small,  for  rich  and  poor. \nIt  is  Thou,  O  God,  who  doest  this.  Thou,  O \nGod,  art  God  indeed ! \n\nCome,  daughter,  thou  hast  now  found  thy \nGod,  whom  thy  heart  has  so  long  sought  after. \nLook  upwards,  then,  with  sparkling  eyes  and \nradiant  face  and  bounding  heart,  and  behold \nHim  and  embrace  Him  with  the  infinite  out- \nstretched arms  of  thy  soul  and  thy  affections, \nand  give  thanks  and  praise  to  Him,  the  noble \nPrince  of  all  creatures.  See  how,  by  gazing  on \nthis  mirror,  there  springs  up  speedily,  in  a  soul \nsusceptible  of  such  impressions,  an  intense  in- \nward jubilee;  for  by  jubilee  is  meant  a  joy \nwhich  no  tongue  can  tell,  but  which  pours  it- \n\n\n284  LIFE  OF  BLESSED  HENRY  SUSO. \n\nself  with  might  through  heart  and  soul.  Alas ! \nI  feel  now  within  me  that,  be  it  painful  or \npleasant,  my  soul's  closed  mouth  is  opened  to \nthee,  and  I  must  needs  tell  thee,  for  God's \nglory,  somewhat  of  my  hidden  secrets,  which \nI  never  yet  have  told  to  any  one.  See,  I  knew \na  friar  preacher  who,  at  the  beginning  of  his \nconversion,  used  commonly  to  receive  from  God \ntwice  every  day,  morning  and  evening,  during \nten  years,  an  outpouring  of  grace  like  this,  and \nit  lasted  for  about  the  space  of  two  nocturns.* \nAt  these  moments  he  was  so  utterly  absorbed \nin  God,  the  Eternal  Wisdom,  that  he  could  not \nspeak  of  it.  Sometimes  he  would  lovingly  con- \nverse with  God  within  him,  while  at  other  times \nhe  would  sigh  piteously,  or  weep  longingly,  or \nagain  smile  silently.  It  often  seemed  to  him  as \nif  he  were  floating  in  the  air,  and  swimming \nbetween  time  and  eternity  in  the  deep  sea  of \nGod's  unfathomable  marvellousness.  And  his \nheart  became  so  full  through  this,  that  he  would \nat  times  lay  his  hand  upon  it,  as  it  beat  wildly, \nsaying : — Alas,  my  heart,  how  will  it  fare  with \nthee  to-day  f  One  day  it  seemed  to  him  that \nthe  Eternal  Father's  heart  was,  in  a  spiritual \nand  ineffable  manner,  pressed  tenderly,  and  with \n*  About  half  an  hour. \n\n\nSPIEITUAL  JUBILEE.  285 \n\nnaught  between  them,  upon  his  heart,  as  it  lay \nopen  over  against  the  Father's  heart  in  longing \ndesire,  and  it  appeared  to  him  that  the  Father's \nheart,  in  a  way  of  love  transcending  all  forms \nand  images,  spoke  in  his  heart  the  uncreated \nWord,  the  Eternal  Wisdom.  Then  he  began \nto  exclaim  joyously  in  spiritual  jubilee : — Be- \nhold now,  my  loveliest  love  !  thus  do  I  lay  bare \nto  Thee  my  heart,  and  in  simplicity  and  naked- \nness with  regard  to  all  created  things  I  embrace \nThy  formless  Godhead.  Alas,  my  love !  Thou \nwho  art  far  above  all  other  loves!  Earthly \nlovers,  however  greatly  they  may  love,  must \nneeds  bear  to  be  distinct  and  separate  from \neach  other ;  but  Thou,  O  unfathomable  fulness \nof  all  love,  meltest  away  into  Thy  beloved's \nheart,  and,  in  virtue  of  Thy  being  absolutely \nall  in  all,  pourest  Thyself  so  utterly  into  the \nsoul's  essence  that  no  part  of  Thee,  the  loved \nOne,  remains  outside,  and  is  not  lovingly  made \none  with  Thy  beloved. \n\nThe  daughter  answered : — Ah,  God  !  what \na  great  grace  it  is  for  any  one  to  be  thus  caught \nup  into  God  in  jubilee.  But  I  would  fain  know \nwhether  this  is  the  most  perfect  kind  of  union \nor  not.  The  Servitor  replied : — No  ;  it  is  only \na  preliminary  preparation  for   arriving   at   an \n\n\n286  LIFE  OF  BLESSED  HENEY  SUSO. \n\nessential  mode  of  being  taken  up  into  God. \nShe  answered : — What  mean  you  by  essential \nand  non-essential  I  He  replied : — I  call  him  an \nessential  man  who,  by  the  good  and  persevering \nexercise  of  all  the  virtues,  has  so  completely \nmastered  them,  that  the  practice  of  them  in  their \nhighest  perfection  has  become  pleasant  to  him, \nand  that  they  dwell  in  him  abidingly,  as  the \nsunshine  in  the  sun.  On  the  other  hand,  I  call \nhim  a  non-essential  man  in  whom  the  light  of \nvirtue  shines  in  a  borrowed,  unsteadfast,  and \nimperfect  way,  as  the  moonlight  in  the  moon. \nThe  sweet  abundance  of  sensible  grace  which  I \nhave  just  described  is  such  a  dainty  treat  to  the \nspirit  of  a  non-essential  man,  that  he  would  fain \nalways  have  it;  and  as  its  presence  begets  in \nhim  delight,  even  so  its  withdrawal  causes  in \nhim  undue  sadness,  as  I  will  now  show  you  by \nan  example.  It  happened  once,  when  the  Ser- \nvitor had  gone  into  the  chapter-house,  and  his \nheart  was  full  of  heavenly  jubilee,  that  the  por- \nter came  and  summoned  him  to  the  door  to  a \nwoman  who  wanted  to  confess  to  him.  The \nServitor  tore  himself  unwillingly  from  his  inte- \nrior joys,  and,  receiving  the  porter  harshly,  re- \nplied, that  the  woman  must  send  for  some  one \nelse,  as  he  would  not  confess  her  then.     Now \n\n\nWITHDEAWAL  OF  DIVINE  CONSOLATIONS.  287 \n\nshe  had  a  burdened  and  sinful  heart,  and  her \nmessage  was,  that  she  had  a  particular  drawing \nto  seek  consolation  from  him,  and  that  she  would \nconfess  to  no  one  else.  But  when  she  heard \nthat  he  would  not  come  to  her,  she  began  to \nweep  from  grief  of  heart,  and  going  aside  into \na  corner,  sat  down  there  in  wretchedness,  and \nwept  long  and  bitterly.  Meanwhile  God  with- \ndrew very  quickly  from  the  Servitor  the  delights \nof  sensible  grace,  and  his  heart  became  as  hard \nas  a  flint;  and  when  he  sought  to  know  the \nmeaning  of  this,  God  answered  him : — As  thou \nhast  driven  from  thee  uncomforted  the  poor \nwoman  with  her  burdened  heart,  even  so  I  have \nwithdrawn  from  thee  My  divine  consolations. \nThe  Servitor  sighed  deeply  and  beat  his  breast, \nand  ran  with  speed  to  the  door,  and,  as  he  did \nnot  find  the  woman  there,  was  in  great  distress. \nThe  porter  ran  about  in  every  direction  looking \nfor  her,  and  when  at  last  he  found  her,  where \nshe  was  sitting  weeping,  he  brought  her  back \nwith  him  to  the  door,  and  the  Servitor,  receiving \nher  with  great  kindness,  graciously  consoled  her \nrepentant  heart.  Then  he  went  back  from  her \nto  the  chapter-house,  and  immediately  in  an  in- \nstant the  kind  Lord  was  there  again  with  His \ndivine  consolations,  just  as  before. \n\n\n288  LIFE  OF  BLESSED  HENTtY  SUSO. \n\nThe  daughter  answered: — He  may  well  bear \nsufferings  to  whom  God  gives  such  rapturous \njubilee.  The  Servitor  replied: — Oh!  it  had \nall  to  be  paid  for  afterwards  with  great  suffer- \ning, as  has  been  already  related.  At  length, \nhowever,  when  all  this  had  passed  away,  and \nGod's  appointed  time  had  come,  this  same  grace \nof  jubilee  returned,  and  was  with  him  in  an \nabiding  manner  both  at  home  and  abroad,  in \ncompany  and  when  alone.  Ofttimes  in  the \nbath  or  at  table  the  same  grace  was  with  him ; \nbut  its  working  was  now  interior,  and  no  longer \nbroke  forth  into  exterior  manifestations.",
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